What is Microprocessor and microcontrollers ?

 Microprocessor and Microcontrollers 

 

 In today’s blog, we will learn what is microcontrollers what is a microprocessor difference between microprocessor and microcontrollers 

To understand what is microcontroller first we need to understand what is a microprocessor 

Microprocessor:-

                                        

The microprocessor is a digital circuit(also known as a computer processor )which  takes binary data as input process it and performs a wide range of logical and mathematical operation according to set of instruction and give output in binary form 

The microprocessor contains sequential and combination circuit which helps to store and manipulate data

The first commercial microprocessor is developed by intel 4004 in the year 1971

 

4004 is a 4-bit microprocessor with a 16 pin  

The microprocessor contains only a control unit and  arithmetic logic unit (ALU) rest all RAM, ROM, input and output port connections we have to give externally 

Although the microprocessor was full filled our need microprocessor are cost-effective because we have to manually add RAM, ROM, I/O ports and they were consuming high power and size was comparatively large so an alternative to this single-chip microcontrollers has to introduce 

Microcontrollers 

Microcontrollers are single-chip computer (CPU) which contains a microprocessor, RAM, ROM,input-output ports on single ic

• Microcontrollers are the alternative to the microprocessor 
• Microcontrollers are mainly used in embedded systems 
• The world-first microprocessor was built by the texas instruments and chip name was  TMS 1000 which was commercially released in the market in the year 1974 
• The original TMS 1000 has 8 kb of ROM,256 bits of RAM and 23 ports for input and output operation

 Applications

    Home appliances, toys, camera music player, computer, TVs telephone, fax, security system,  pinball machines, airbag climate control smartphones etc …..

Difference between microcontroller and microprocessor 

1) microprocessor circuit contains only control unit and ALU 

Whereas

The microcontroller contains the entire CPU in a single chip

2) in microprocessor RAM, ROM and I/o ports we have to add externally 

Whereas 

In microcontroller RAM, ROM and  I/O ports come inbuilt by default in a single chip

3) in microprocessor power consumption is relatively high 

Whereas 

In microcontrollers, power consumption is relatively low 

4) microprocessor consume relatively large space 

Whereas

Microcontrollers consume relatively less space 

5) in microprocessors cost is relatively high

Whereas 

In microcontrollers, the cost is relatively low 

6) in microprocessor we can update RAM and ROM

Whereas 

Microprocessor we can not update RAM and ROM 

7) microprocessor used in an intensive and high-performance task like in pc 

Whereas

Microcontrollers are used in fixed task and low-performance operation like a traffic light